Capsules are cylindrical-shaped oral dosage forms containing medicine and manufactured for ease of swallowing and masking the taste of the medicines.  The pharmaceutical capsules are a preferred choice when, due to technical issues such as formulation and manufacturing limitations tablets can not be manufactured and physiological reasons to protect the medicament from the direct effect…

Medicinal products need an appropriate storage facility as they are unique for maintaining their quality in terms of stability and potency. Specific conditions of temperature are required by certain medications in the range of (2-8) ℃ whereas few of them need storage below 0℃. Medicinal products that require such conditions of temperature are known as…

Pharmaceutical products are special commodities and require special storage conditions and specific distribution logistics. In pharmaceutical depots no other products apart from medicines can be stored together. The pharmaceutical warehouse needs to possess specific design, area demarcations and entry-exit procedures. It needs to obtain a drug storage and distribution license from the authorized agencies.  Thus,…

Medicines are special commodities and fall under essential goods. Subsequently, a dire situation may arise if they go out of stock affecting patients due to nonavailability of the much-needed dosage. Non-availability of the prescribed medicines for the patients poses health risk. Hence, in the pharma industry inventory management is a crucial process that guarantees availability…

Quality is crucial in manufacturing. The customers rightfully expect that the medications, food stuff, or cosmeceuticals they use must be of good quality, reliable, effective, and devoid of probable hazards. This is where the importance of (GMP) Good Manufacturing Practices appears. GMP are guidelines and principles pertaining to quality assurance and designed in such a…

The production of pharmaceutical products is based on the foundation of 4M principals —Man, Machine, Material, and Method. The 4M principles involve the central theme of Good Manufacturing practices (GMP). These principles form a thorough context addressing the process of manufacturing’s every key aspect. By concentrating on the expertise and training of personnel (Man), the…

Certain pharmaceutical dosage forms need to be supplied as Sterile products. The term Sterile denotes freedom from any viable microorganism. Viable microorganisms are germs that are not visible to the naked eye but can be viewed under a microscope; these can cause infections.  Therefore, products, such as injections, eye drops, and saline solutions, are designed…

In pharmacovigilance product complaints pertain to the warnings or reports received by regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical manufacturers, or healthcare specialists concerning any issues, or problems connected with the quality, safety, efficacy, or usage of a medicine. Different sources are a reason for the arising of these complaints such as patients, providers of healthcare, pharmacists, or even…

Adverse reactions following medical treatments are frequent and known. Physicians prefer the term 'adverse reaction' over 'side effect' because the latter suggests effects beyond pharmacological actions. Studies indicate that 5% to 30% of patients experience adverse events that are unpleasant experiences reported by the patients and not necessarily due to a specific medicine. Therefore, understanding…

Healthcare management requires several different types of product range of which medical instruments and consumables are very important. These products are typically designed and manufactured in a clean environment to minimize contamination from viable organisms. These products are often intended for procedures or situations where the risk of infection is low. Common types of non-sterilized…